杨未名.美国危险化学品管理中的公众知情权及对我国的启示[J].中国环境管理,2021,13(6):147-152.
YANG Weiming.Public Right-to-Know in Hazardous Chemicals Management in the United States and Its Enlightenment to China[J].Chinese Journal of Environmental Management,2021,13(6):147-152.
美国危险化学品管理中的公众知情权及对我国的启示
Public Right-to-Know in Hazardous Chemicals Management in the United States and Its Enlightenment to China
DOI:10.16868/j.cnki.1674-6252.2021.06.147
中文关键词:  危险化学品  公众知情权  EPCRA
英文关键词:hazardous chemicals  public right-to-know  EPCRA
基金项目:2020年国家社会科学基金重大项目资助(20ZDA008)。
作者单位
杨未名 清华大学法学院, 北京 100083 
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中文摘要:
      在风险社会背景下,环境治理的现代化需要多元共治,而要实现公众参与、发挥公众力量,首先要保障公众享有知情权。我国危险化学品专门立法中有关公众知情权的规定存在诸多问题:公众知情权的客体范围不明确,对政府信息公开义务的规定过于笼统,公众知情权的实现与救济途径不畅,政府未依法公开信息的法律责任不足。相较而言,美国在这一领域具有一定的探索经验。立足我国国情,本文参照域外美国《应急计划与公众知情权法案》,就公众知情权提出完善我国危险化学品专门立法的法制建议,以兹借鉴。
英文摘要:
      Under the background of risk society, the modernization of environmental governance needs multi-governance. In order to realize public participation and give full play to public power, the public should first be guaranteed the right-to-know. There are many problems regarding the provisions of public right-to-know in China’s special legislation on hazardous chemicals. Firstly, the object range of public right-to-know is not clear. Secondly, the provisions on the government’s obligation of information disclosure are too general. Thirdly, the realization and relief channels of public right-to-know are blocked to some extent. Fourthly, the government’s legal responsibility for not disclosing information according to law is insufficient. Comparatively speaking, the United States has established a relatively smooth and mature legal protection mechanism in this field. Based on our national conditions and by referring to the Emergency Planning and Community Right-to-know Act (EPCRA) of the United States, it is feasible to put forward legal suggestions on improving the specific legislation of hazardous chemicals in China.
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